The “Cap sac” ritual is divided into three levels: three lamps, seven lamps and twelve lamps, which mean the number of lamps the person passing the ritual is granted. Each level reflects a different meaning and level. Due to the complexity of the 12-lamp level ritual, not all Dao families can afford the economics to perform the ceremony.
 |
|
The 12-lamp level ritual of Dao Tien people in Cao Bang province is held with the participation of the whole family, under the chair of the head of the family. |
 |
|
Women are also allowed to attend the ceremony. |
 |
|
Ritual is performed on the outdoor altar. The head sorcerer implementing the ritual. |
 |
|
A special ladder for ascending to the altar… steps made of crossed swords are placed diagonally across each other. |
 |
|
The seal is granted to the men in the cap sac ritual. |
 |
|
The ceremony ended with the burning of petitions to the gods about the promotion of the disciple to become a great magician. |
 |
 |
|
Unique spiritual rituals take place on the 3rd day of the ritual. |
 |
|
The ceremony ended with the burning of petitions to the gods about the promotion of the disciple to become a great magician. |
Pham Quang Vinh
