In a significant move, Vietnam’s government has unveiled an ambitious strategy for the country’s energy future, with the Deputy Prime Minister, Bui Thanh Son, approving revisions to the eighth national power development plan. This updated plan, outlined on the government news portal, sets a bold vision for 2050, with a particular focus on renewable energy and smart grid infrastructure.
The strategy, covering 2021–2030 with a long-term outlook, emphasizes the development of intelligent grids capable of integrating vast renewable energy sources. It also underscores the importance of strengthening grid interconnectivity with Vietnam’s neighbors, including China, Laos, and Cambodia, to maintain power supply stability.
A key target is to achieve a substantial renewable electricity ratio, excluding hydropower. By 2030, Vietnam aims for renewables to contribute 28–36% of electricity generation, with a dramatic rise to 74–75% by 2050. This shift is complemented by a goal to have 50% of office buildings and households utilizing rooftop solar for self-production and consumption within the same timeframe.
Energy Production, Renewables, and Infrastructure: Vietnam’s updated energy strategy sets impressive targets for electricity output, with expectations to surpass 560 billion kWh by 2030 and a peak capacity of nearly 100,000 MW. By 2050, these figures are projected to soar, with electricity output ranging from 1,237.7 to 1,375.1 billion kWh and peak capacity reaching up to 228,570 MW.
The plan underscores the accelerated adoption of renewable energy sources, excluding hydropower. Vietnam is also positioning itself as a regional energy exporter, with wind power capacity expected to reach 26,066–38,029 MW by 2030, and plans to export renewable electricity to Singapore, Malaysia, and other partners. By 2035, export capacity could reach a remarkable 5,000–10,000 MW.
Hydropower will continue to play a significant role, with targeted capacity increases by 2030 and 2050, balanced by the government’s commitment to environmental protection and resource sustainability. Additionally, the plan promotes the utilization of biomass, waste-to-energy, geothermal, and other emerging renewable sources to enhance energy security and address environmental challenges.
Nuclear Energy, Fossil Fuels, and Investment: The revised plan also signals a notable shift away from coal, with no new coal-fired plants and the conversion of older facilities to run on biomass or ammonia. Nuclear power is set to make a comeback, with two plants expected to come online between 2030 and 2035, adding significant capacity. Gas power will prioritize domestic sources, supplemented by imported LNG, and eventually transitioning to hydrogen as technology advances.
To ensure grid reliability, Vietnam plans significant investments in battery storage as renewables expand. By 2030, storage capacity is targeted to reach 10,000–16,300 MW, skyrocketing to nearly 96,120 MW by 2050. The estimated investment requirements for generation and transmission infrastructure are substantial, totaling $136.3 billion between 2026 and 2030, and an additional $699 billion from 2031 to 2050, acknowledging the need for innovative mechanisms to mobilize such large-scale capital.
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